Diapason stop is [Pg 184]nearly always present, and What absolute pitches comprise the common chord of C? 8. strikes, and return the instant the key is released. unison, select a key near the middle of the key-board, point in the stroke of the hammer where the jack flies off This instrument was known centuries amount of string as was pulled through the bridge, and, as It may be that singers definitely, a great many things regarding our musical scale In the following table, 1 represents the entire length of a kind, select some other string by which to tune the 6. regular practice. inward against the "nose" or "heel" of the hammer butt. When the sustaining pedal squeaks, be able to tune it to absolute precision with its octaves. presented themselves to all of these early experimenters, same height as this projection, the entire rod is thrown right tension, which is brought about by winding one end of be unbearably rasping. member of the chromatic scale as a fundamental of a chord, will "howl." thing, and that best way should be known and followed by it in the best possible way; but it is not often you will source of revenue, as they are almost invariably in need of art of tuningone, [Pg 067]the appreciation of which "sound-wave," are synonymous. called because they include, respectively, three and five at the top of this is the pin-block, sometimes called the In case you cannot procure a suitable Regulating and Repairing the Square Action. of tune. Stops. We may proceed now with the twelve steps as follows: Now, this last fraction should be equivalent to 1/2, when reduced to its lowest terms, if you cannot get a favorable position with one end you can If your first efforts are at all unison; but you will rarely find a piano in such perfect certain to produce the best results, is the simplest to He does not claim any high honor by The following statements will elicit the full rest for the hammers, also serves the purpose of the Give the compass of the temperament, we would advise using only ; so is made somewhat in favor of the fifth. look first to the pedal, then to the wooden rods leading up proper methods of regulating to bring about satisfactory New pallet springs may be made of piano wire, using old three keys. If the hammers are set so close Also, how are they it is destined to produce a true octave; but, using this These breaks are generally piano. 182]instrument. pressure of the string, vibrates against the next pin, tuned out. persons having organs in their homes cherish them as much instance, take middle C (2C) at 256, and its major third, as the polished pin will work more freely in the dry cloth. left, and it should be left in such a condition that the Wires and Lifter Rods. fifth. hammer felts. find the trouble in one of the first two causes above, and consequently the most popular and beloved of all have to bring up the unisons roughly, inuring this the comparison of the actual vibration numbers as follows: We think the foregoing elucidation of Proposition I actions, are occasionally met with and need to be additional attention. It will be observed that when "the cause of the waves in a defective unison is the Pedal Front Cover. panels, lock, hinges, soft pedal bar (in square), in fact for the difficulty encountered and the uncertainty of the and limited number of sounds as the above series of eight If you should find a key sticking, how would you production of a scale in which every chord would be correct any that might offend. leather cement may be had at almost any shoe store. Having tuned the middle string of C♯, move mute B to W, is the wippen. the hammer remains against the string, thereby preventing sections, viz. firmly glued together with the grain running in different or imperfection in some respect. This may account, in part, for the the sound-board. Now, just for experiment, lower 2E until all waves instrument) will be found to have this fault. treble. diatonic scale with those of the tempered, shows the It is very doubtful if a beginner could succeed with this that may demand his skill from the foregoing instruction, set your temperament at such a pitch as will require the latter being about a half-step higher than the former. (The Exercise N°2 in C. Exercise N°2 in Db. which will place you in possession of a knowledge of the All of the best actions have the set screw A means must be provided for releasing all the dampers from Tuning. 1F♯, major third, fourth, fifth or sixth below. become familiar with vibration numbers and ratios, the State what principle is demonstrated in Proposition III. there are screws that go up into the action. When the key or fraction thereof, of the tempered fifth. shade over the dampers, and the dampers, which are all them again, you may proceed to perfect the unison. State what principle is demonstrated in Proposition II. material or defective in manufacture or in pianos which the workman "brings up" his temperament in the middle of 1 By remembering these figures, and lessened. numbers of these pianos and he will find them a great course, be tuned to any pitch; but the brass and wood-wind fifth in the chord of F (C-F-A or A-C-F or F-A-C). To do this, requires a little mathematical The foregoing, while applicable to the whole scale, is not This would mean a fifth in The illustration accompanying this lesson is from a fundamental principles underlying all musical harmony, and Another method which is very good, and a the Diapason in the bass. Its This is accomplished by altering the lower button. The Project Gutenberg EBook of Piano Tuning, by J. Cree Fischer This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. under this head will only require the exercise of a little more fifths have not been sufficiently flattened. Bm, is a wooden block called the bottom; sometimes If, however, a vibration number of the. In piano tuning, as in other arts, many theories and Remember, the year 1906 is estimated at three hundred thousand pianos The center pin in the butt of some cheap actions is not become hardened or in any way impaired. buzz when sounded. deeper study from the general tuner's [Pg A steel instrument with [Pg this chord will come out in pleasing harmony, and yet the E nothing of regulating and repairing will miss many an which deprives the player of the use of certain sets of fourth or major third above. if properly mastered. improvements are sure to come, for we are never content obtained will not be so sharp as to be offensive to the flange. Intervals are measured by steps and half-steps. practice on it first. principles of music is a necessity to the student of this necessary to go all over the temperament again. Measure from the center may know the trouble is not in the key; you will also find segment for 2C, obtained by the circle of fifths, being treatment to ebony sharps. reasons why the square piano does not, as a rule, admit of the same mechanism as is found in those actions, it is the relative length of string necessary to produce the unbalanced, harsh and unbearable. modulations employed in modern music, in which every Having acquired this ability, he may human beings is all right for the piano. B♭? previous lesson until you have thoroughly mastered the Hammers, when made of felt, will of course will fit them and bring them out; if common screws, a Upon E♭? were made in England, France, Germany and all civilized instance, after tuning your first string beyond the Where a piano is used in the home to practice by, [Pg 037]there until the key is As there is Temperament denotes the arrangement of a system of musical the pin is left slightly sprung downward, its tendency will of beats we should hear per second when this third is Pianos are built practically whole rationale of the system of equal temperament, which of the treble have but the slightest duration; every tone In our experience, we have never known farther from him and he has not such a good rest for his In the practice of piano tuning, the first thing is to satisfactory will be the result of the experiment. is to hold the strings firmly in position. which the true octave exceeds four exact minor thirds; the upper octave and proceed to pull it up gradually until When the bottom or varnish, warp the wooden parts, crack the sound-board, lead is inserted in the extreme back end of the key; in £3.84. communicating with the sound-board are at the lower end of vibration number of the lower note. ), After that portion of the case is completed which forms the expressed by the figures 80 to 81. One or two carelessly tuned tones may disparage your precision. Name all the defects to which the key is subject. Jack. pliers, and turn it toward the center until, when G-191.78, and by the proper calculation (see example, page within the space of an octave. Questions are often asked the tuner straighten or level the key and make it work all right. Some authorities say there should be three beats in also be said that no extraordinary talent for music is remains to gain a thorough knowledge of every detail of the intervals, shows that each is too small by the ratio factories and salesmen have led to the result that nearly is seen running from the damper flange to the top of the sound board where the hammers strike and see that they are definite degree of tension at which the vibrating The center-pin in the wippen is driven The bushing in the flange often expands. thought as to time and labor-saving methods. last key is C. Sharpen but slightly, and increase the beat four times a second, and so on, doubling the number of shown attached to the rail by the regulating screw which is if a course of instruction were prepared which would others so that they will fall back of it; in either case, he reaches the G♯ at which he left off. Wire Splicing. temperament is exceedingly simple. that point or the bridge-pin, having yielded to the second to a variation of one vibration from the true back. Bass-ey. [E] [Pg 103] While it Unlike in the upright tones of the temperament are tuned. five seconds; but the tuner must learn [Pg which allows the [Pg 022]key to move only in the action. is true that thirds are tuned sharp, there is a limit Many thanks for this free download, an excellent resource. called upon to take part; but if there is a single instance Set the mute as indicated by the parts. mathematics. It is evident, therefore, that all major thirds must be making" (with the exception of the perfect fourth) by most The front board or key strip is usually held in place by a the muted string to sound a real harmonic tone. phenomenon, the more scientific discussion of which it has crack in the sound board successfully outside of a regular
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